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Snow White And The Seven Dwarfs (1937)
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937) is the first full-length
animated feature (83 minutes in length) in color and with sound,
one of Disney's greatest films, and a pioneering classic tale in
film history. It was the first commercially successful film of
its kind and a technically brilliant, innovative example of
Disney animation. The story was adapted from the original
Brothers Grimms' Fairy Tales, but in a bowdlerized or sanitized
version, without overt sexual references or violent content. It
was the first Disney film distributed by RKO Studios (this
arrangement lasted until 1953, when Disney established its own
distribution company - named Buena Vista). Snow White was the
last major classic film that Disney released to the consumer
market on videotape - in late 1994!
The story is a familiar one: raised by a wicked and vain Queen
(voice of Lucille La Verne), beautiful Snow White (voice of
Adriana Caselotti) is taken into the forest to be murdered.
However, the Huntsman (voice of Stuart Buchanan) cannot commit
the horrible deed, so she flees and finds refuge in the home of
seven diamond-mine workers/dwarfs.
Doc (voice of Roy Atwell)
Happy (voice of Otis Harlan)
Bashful (voice of Scotty Mattraw)
Sneezy (voice of Billy Gilbert)
Sleepy (voice of Pinto Colvig)
Grumpy (voice of Pinto Colvig)
Dopey (mute)
When the Queen discovers that Snow White is still alive, she
transforms herself into an old hag and brings a poisonous apple
to the young girl. A kiss from Prince Charming (voice of Harry
Stockwell) rouses Snow White from her deep slumber. The film is
sprinkled with wonderful, sing-along songs including "Heigh Ho,"
"Whistle While You Work," and "Someday My Prince Will Come" -
none of them were considered in the Best Song nominating
category.
The risk-taking film made use of the multi-plane camera to
achieve an effect of depth, introduced human characters (the
jealous Queen, the Huntsman, the Prince, and Snow White herself)
modeled on live actors, and used larger painted cels and drawing
boards. It took two years and an astronomical $1.5 million to
create, and was released for its premiere during Christmas of
1937. Its single nomination was for Best Score. For the film's
remarkable achievement, Walt Disney was awarded with a Honorary
Oscar - the film was "recognized as a significant screen
innovation which has charmed millions and pioneered a great new
entertainment field for the motion picture cartoon."
During the film's credits, Walt Disney personally thanks the
members of his animation staff:
My sincere appreciation to the members of my staff whose loyalty
and creative endeavor made possible this production.
As "Some Day My Prince Will Come" plays in the background, a
beautifully decorated storybook opens (the traditional opening
for this kind of film) to a prologue of the tale:
(The First Page:) Once upon a time there lived a lovely little
Princess named Snow White. Her vain and wicked Stepmother the
Queen feared that some day, Snow White's beauty would surpass
her own. So she dressed the little Princess in rags and forced
her to work as a Scullery Maid.
Each day the vain Queen consulted her Magic Mirror, 'Magic
Mirror on the Wall, Who is the fairest one of all?'...and as
long as the Mirror answered, 'You are the fairest one of all,'
Snow White was safe from the Queen's cruel jealousy.
The camera tracks in toward the castle, filming the animation as
if it were a live-action film. As one of the windows of the
castle comes slowly closer, it dissolves into the mirror in the
Queen's chamber. The vain Queen approaches her Magic Mirror one
more time to question it for reassurance:
Slave in the Magic Mirror, Come from the farthest space, Through
wind and darkness, I summon thee. Speak. Let me see thy face!
In a highly dramatic scene, fiery flames burst into view and a
moving, masklike face appears. The agent of deception asks the
Queen (and the audience): "What wouldst thou know, my Queen?"
The Queen asks her Magic Mirror the famous question:
Magic Mirror on the wall, Who is the fairest one of all?
The Magic Mirror cannot lie, and must admit that there is
someone else other than the Queen who is the fairest in the
land:
Mirror: Famed is thy beauty, majesty. Behold, a lovely maid I
see. Rags cannot hide her gentle grace. Alas, she is more fair
than thee.
Queen: Alas for her, reveal her name.
Mirror: Lips red as the rose. Hair black as ebony. Skin white as
snow.
To the Wicked Queen's horror, her worst fear is confirmed. She
realizes the mirror has described her scullery maid, Snow White.
Snow White, dressed in rags, but cheerful despite her misfortune
at the hands of a mean and hateful stepmother, scrubs the steps
next to the garden. She is friend to the white birds which flock
around her. Snow White's rags cannot conceal her blossoming
beauty - rose-red lips, slight rouge on her cheeks, skin as
white as snow, and ebony hair. She appears sweet and vivacious
as well. At the water well, she hums a tune and asks the birds:
"Want to know a secret? Promise not to tell? We are standing by
a wishing well." Then, she sings "I'm Wishing," while admiring
her own reflection in the water of the well:
Make a wish into the well.
That's all you have to do.
And if you hear it echoing.
Your wish will soon come true.
I'm wishing. (Echo: I'm wishing.)
For the one I love.
To find me. (Echo: To find me.)
Today. (Echo: Today.)
I'm hoping. (Echo: I'm hoping.)
And I'm dreaming of.
The nice things (Echo: The nice things.)
He'll say. (Echo: He'll say.)
Her dream is that a handsome young man will some day come and
rescue her. Her wish comes true partially - a handsome Prince
Charming, the man of her visions, happens to be riding by and he
hears her singing. He climbs the castle wall, is first sighted
in the well water's reflection, and helps her finish her song,
singing the echo to "Today." Startled and frightened, and shy
and embarrassed by her appearance, she quickly runs into the
castle to hide. The Prince courts her with the song: "One Song":
Now that I've found you, hear what I have to say.
One song, I have but one song
One song, only for you.
One heart, tenderly beating,
Ever entreating, constant and true.
One love, that has possessed me.
One love, really for you.
One song, my heart keeps singing.
Of one love, only for you.
The jealous Queen is angered by the mirror's revelation and
jealous of the attention paid to Snow White by the Prince.
Seated on a peacock throne, signaling her extreme vanity, she
orders an evil plan to be executed by her huntsman: "Take her
far into the forest. Find some secluded glade where she can pick
wild flowers...And there, my faithful huntsman, you will kill
her!" Her eyes expand glaringly when she issues the vicious
command. The huntsman objects: "But your majesty, it is a
princess!" The Queen will not allow any argument: "Silence! You
know the penalty if you fail...But to make doubly sure you do
not fail, bring back her heart in this." She presents him with a
red box, adorned with a heart-shaped latch. He must return with
the dead girl's heart in it, as proof that he has carried out
the task.
The next day, Snow White has exchanged her rags for a pale
yellow dress, a dark red-lined cape over a navy blue vest with
blue and red sleeves and a high white collar. She is taken to a
beautiful, sunny forested area to pick flowers. She befriends a
little lost bluebird: "Come on, perk up. Won't you smile for me?
Ha, ha, ha. That's better. Your mom and papa can't be far. There
they are. Can you fly? Goodbye. Goodbye." The huntsman
approaches from behind to stab her - his shadow overtakes her.
His angry green eyes flare as he raises the knife in his hand
and is poised to strike. Snow White turns and screams when she
sees what he plans to do. But he hasn't the heart to carry out
the deed - to murder an innocent girl. He drops to his knees and
begs her to forgive him: "I can't. I can't do it. Forgive me. I
beg you your highness." Snow White doesn't understand. He
explains the Queen's evil plan, and then bids her to run away
deeper and deeper into the woods to escape her stepmother's
murderous intentions. He abandons her, crying: "Run! Run away!
Hide! In the woods. Anywhere. Never come back. Now go! Go! Go!"
She flees into the surrealistic depths of the dark night of the
forest, where her fear-filled imagination turns everything into
nightmarish id-like monsters ready to devour her. An owl's huge
eyes frighten her. Flying bats scare her. Craggy trees seem to
reach out and pull at her, snagging her clothes. She falls into
a dark pit and a dark body of water, where the shapes of fallen
logs change into alligators. Grasping claws of another tree
threaten her. Leaves blown in a whirlwind follow her as she runs
for her life.
Her frightened psychological state is outwardly manifest in the
scenery surrounding her. She is overwhelmed by hundreds of
frightening pairs of eyes, and finally collapses on the ground
in exhaustion. When light dawns, it turns out that the eyes
actually belong to the friendly woodland animals and cute
creatures of the forest. Returning from the Underworld, she is
befriended by them and apologizes for startling them: "Please
don't run away. I won't hurt you. I'm awfully sorry. I didn't
mean to frighten you. But you don't know what I've been through.
And all because I was afraid. I'm so ashamed....What do you do
when things go wrong?...Oh, you sing a song!" Snow White sings
to them "With a Smile and a Song":
With a smile and a song,
Life is just like a bright sunny day
Your cares fade away, and your heart is young...
The song has cheered her spirits: "I really feel quite happy
now. I'm sure I'll get along somehow. Everything's going to be
all right. But I do need a place to sleep at night. I can't
sleep in the ground like you. Or in a tree the way you do. And
I'm sure no nest could possibly be big enough for me. Maybe you
know where I can stay. In the woods somewhere...You do? Will you
take me there?"
They lead her to a quaint little cottage, to which she exclaims:
"Oh, it's adorable, just like a doll's house. I like it here."
To see through the front window of the thatch-roofed Tudor
cottage, she must wipe the dust away. "Oh, it's dark inside."
After knocking, it appears no one is home. They enter the tiny
front door - everything inside is smaller than normal and messy,
so she assumes it is the home of children: "Why there's seven
little chairs, there must be seven little children. And from the
look of this table, seven untidy little children." She observes
the messy dining table, a pick axe stuck in the table, the dusty
fireplace, cobwebs everywhere, a pile of dirty dishes, and an
unused broom. [The carved wooden adornments of the interior of
the cottage reflect the skilled craftsmanship of its occupants.]
She wonders why they haven't been reprimanded by their mother:
"Why you'd think their mother would" and then she considers:
"Maybe they have no mother" and are orphans.
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